What disease does a Coggins test check for?

The Coggins test is specifically designed to detect the presence of antibodies to the Equine Infectious Anemia (EIA) virus in a horse's blood. EIA is a viral disease that can lead to severe anemia and is transmitted through biting insects or contaminated surgical instruments. The test is an essential tool for horse owners and breeders because it is often a requirement for transporting horses across state lines, entering competitions, or sales. By identifying EIA positive horses, the Coggins test helps to prevent the spread of this disease within equine populations, making it a critical component of equine health management.